R version 2.13.0 (2011-04-13)
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ISBN 3-900051-07-0
Platform: i386-pc-mingw32/i386 (32-bit)

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> source("cv2.R")
MATICE, POLE, TABULKY 
Na dalsi ukol se dostanete klavesou c nebo ENTER. 
 
 
1. Vytvorte vektor "v" rozsahu 20 s krokem 2 a konecnou hodnotou 20.  
Pak jej seskladejte po sloupcich do matice "A" o 4 radcich a 5 sloupcich. 
Called from: eval.with.vis(expr, envir, enclos)
Browse[1]> #prikaz
Browse[1]> v
 [1] -18 -16 -14 -12 -10  -8  -6  -4  -2   0   2   4   6   8  10  12  14  16  18
[20]  20
Browse[1]> #prikaz
Browse[1]> A
     [,1] [,2] [,3] [,4] [,5]
[1,]  -18  -10   -2    6   14
[2,]  -16   -8    0    8   16
[3,]  -14   -6    2   10   18
[4,]  -12   -4    4   12   20
Browse[1]> 
 
2. Provedte stejny ukol s argumentem byrow=TRUE, pridejte navic nazvy radku 
a sloupcu. 
Called from: eval.with.vis(expr, envir, enclos)
Browse[1]> #prikaz
Browse[1]> A
   sl1 sl2 sl3 sl4 sl5
r1 -18 -16 -14 -12 -10
r2  -8  -6  -4  -2   0
r3   2   4   6   8  10
r4  12  14  16  18  20
Browse[1]> 
 
3. Vektor "v" seskladejte do pole "B" o dimenzich 2x5x2, dimenze opet  
pojmenujte. 
Called from: eval.with.vis(expr, envir, enclos)
Browse[1]> #prikaz
Browse[1]> B
, , dim1

   sl1 sl2 sl3 sl4 sl5
r1 -18 -14 -10  -6  -2
r2 -16 -12  -8  -4   0

, , dim2

   sl1 sl2 sl3 sl4 sl5
r1   2   6  10  14  18
r2   4   8  12  16  20

Browse[1]> 
 
4. Vytvorte vektor "a"=[1, 2, 3] a matice "M" rozmeru 2x3
se vsemi prvky rovnymi 5 a "N" rozmeru 2x4 s prvky tvoricimi posloupnost
8, 6, 4,... . 
Pomoci funkci "rbind" a "cbind" zkousejte tyto objekty skladat do matic. 
Jaka musi platit pravidla, aby se prikazy bezchybne provedly? 
Called from: eval.with.vis(expr, envir, enclos)
Browse[1]> # prikaz
Browse[1]> a
[1] 1 2 3
Browse[1]> # prikaz
Browse[1]> M
     [,1] [,2] [,3]
[1,]    5    5    5
[2,]    5    5    5

Browse[1]> # prikaz
Browse[1]> N
     [,1] [,2] [,3] [,4]
[1,]    8    4    0   -4
[2,]    6    2   -2   -6

Browse[1]> # prikaz   ### slouceni po sloupcich
     [,1] [,2] [,3] [,4] [,5] [,6] [,7]
[1,]    5    5    5    8    4    0   -4
[2,]    5    5    5    6    2   -2   -6

Browse[1]> # prikaz   ### slouceni po radcich
  [,1] [,2] [,3]
a    1    2    3
     5    5    5
     5    5    5

Browse[1]>
 
5. Do matice "C" vlozte matici "A" a na jeji liche radky a sude sloupce 
umistete nuly. 
Called from: eval.with.vis(expr, envir, enclos)
Browse[1]> #prikaz
Browse[1]> C
   sl1 sl2 sl3 sl4 sl5
r1 -18 -16 -14 -12 -10
r2  -8  -6  -4  -2   0
r3   2   4   6   8  10
r4  12  14  16  18  20
Browse[1]> #prikaz
Browse[1]> C
   sl1 sl2 sl3 sl4 sl5
r1 -18   0 -14   0 -10
r2  -8  -6  -4  -2   0
r3   2   0   6   0  10
r4  12  14  16  18  20
Browse[1]> 
 
6. Na stejne pozice jako v predeslem prikladu umistete textovy retezec "text". 
Vypiste nove vzniklou matici a vysledek zduvodnete. 
Called from: eval.with.vis(expr, envir, enclos)
Browse[1]> #prikaz
Browse[1]> C
   sl1   sl2    sl3   sl4    sl5  
r1 "-18" "text" "-14" "text" "-10"
r2 "-8"  "-6"   "-4"  "-2"   "0"  
r3 "2"   "text" "6"   "text" "10" 
r4 "12"  "14"   "16"  "18"   "20" 
Browse[1]> 
 
7. Vypiste 4. sloupec matice "A" ve forme radkoveho i sloupcoveho vektoru. 
Called from: eval.with.vis(expr, envir, enclos)
Browse[1]> #prikaz   ### radkovy vektor
 r1  r2  r3  r4 
-12  -2   8  18 
Browse[1]> #prikaz   ### sloupcovy vektor
   sl4
r1 -12
r2  -2
r3   8
r4  18
Browse[1]> 
 
8. Zjistete rozmery matice "A" i pole "B", transponujte matici "A". 
Called from: eval.with.vis(expr, envir, enclos)
Browse[1]> #prikaz   ### rozmer A
[1] 4 5
Browse[1]> #prikaz   ### rozmer B
[1] 2 5 2
Browse[1]> #prikaz   ### transpozice
     r1 r2 r3 r4
sl1 -18 -8  2 12
sl2 -16 -6  4 14
sl3 -14 -4  6 16
sl4 -12 -2  8 18
sl5 -10  0 10 20
Browse[1]> 

9. Odstrante z matice "A" posledni radek a prvni sloupec. 
Called from: eval.with.vis(expr, envir, enclos)
Browse[1]> #prikaz
   sl2 sl3 sl4 sl5
r1 -16 -14 -12 -10
r2  -6  -4  -2   0
r3   4   6   8  10
Browse[1]> 
 
10. Vypiste diagonalu matice "A". Dale vytvorte matici "D", ktera bude mit 
stejne diagonalni prvky jako matice "A" a mimo diagonalu same nuly. 
Called from: eval.with.vis(expr, envir, enclos)
Browse[1]> #prikaz   ### diagonala
[1] -16  -4   8
Browse[1]> #prikaz   ### diagonalni matice
Browse[1]> D
     [,1] [,2] [,3]
[1,]  -16    0    0
[2,]    0   -4    0
[3,]    0    0    8
Browse[1]> 
 
11. Vytvorte jednotkovou matici o peti radcich. 
Called from: eval.with.vis(expr, envir, enclos)
Browse[1]> #prikaz 
     [,1] [,2] [,3] [,4] [,5]
[1,]    1    0    0    0    0
[2,]    0    1    0    0    0
[3,]    0    0    1    0    0
[4,]    0    0    0    1    0
[5,]    0    0    0    0    1
Browse[1]> 
 
12. Vytvorte ctvercovou matici "E" radu 3 radu s prvky 2, 0, 0, 2, 2, 1, 1, 1, 2
seskladanymi po radcich. 
Dale spocitejte determinant, vlastni cisla, vlastni vektory, normu (nutno 
nainstalovat balik "Matrix") a stopu matice "E". 
Called from: eval.with.vis(expr, envir, enclos)
Browse[1]> #prikaz
Browse[1]> E
     [,1] [,2] [,3]
[1,]    2    0    0
[2,]    2    2    1
[3,]    1    1    2
Browse[1]> #prikaz   ### determinant
[1] 6
Browse[1]> #prikaz   ### vlastni cisla
[1] 3 2 1
Browse[1]> #prikaz   ### vlastni vektory
          [,1]       [,2]       [,3]
[1,] 0.0000000  0.4082483  0.0000000
[2,] 0.7071068 -0.4082483  0.7071068
[3,] 0.7071068 -0.8164966 -0.7071068
Browse[1]> install.packages("Matrix")
Browse[1]> library(Matrix)
Browse[1]> #prikaz   ### norma
[1] 5
Browse[1]> #prikaz   ### stopa
[1] 6
Browse[1]> 
 
13. Vektor hodnot 2, 1, -2, -1, 2, 1, 2, 3, 1 seskladejte po radcich do matice 
"F" o 3 sloupcich a reste system linearnich rovnic s pravou stranou 
"b"=(7, -1, 0). 
Called from: eval.with.vis(expr, envir, enclos)
Browse[1]> #prikaz
Browse[1]> F
     [,1] [,2] [,3]
[1,]    2    1   -2
[2,]   -1    2    1
[3,]    2    3    1
Browse[1]> #prikaz
Browse[1]> b
     [,1]
[1,]    7
[2,]   -1
[3,]    0
Browse[1]> #prikaz   ### x - reseni soustavy
Browse[1]> x
     [,1]
[1,]    0
[2,]    1
[3,]   -3
Browse[1]> 
 
14. Vytvorte datovou tabulku "studenti" se sloupci "vyska", "pohlavi",  
"bydliste": 
   vektor "vyska" obsahuje hodnoty 178, 173, 158, 190, 167, 
   "pohlavi" hodnoty "muz", "zena", "zena", "muz", "muz", 
   "bydliste" hodnoty "Brno", "Praha", "Brno", "Plzen", "Ostrava"  
a nazvy pripadu "Petr", "Tereza", "Karolina", "Filip", "Jiri". 
Called from: eval.with.vis(expr, envir, enclos)
Browse[1]> #prikaz
Browse[1]> studenti
         vyska pohlavi bydliste
Petr       178     muz     Brno
Tereza     173    zena    Praha
Karolina   158    zena     Brno
Filip      190     muz    Plzen
Jiri       167     muz  Ostrava
Browse[1]> 
 
15. Zjistete rozmery a nazvy promennych tabulky "studenti". Pomoci funkce 
"contents" vypiste detailni vysledky objektu "studenti". 
Pro funkci "contents" je treba nainstalovat balik "Hmisc". 
Called from: eval.with.vis(expr, envir, enclos)
Browse[1]> #prikaz   ### rozmery
[1] 5 3
Browse[1]> #prikaz   ### nazvy promennych
[1] "vyska"    "pohlavi"  "bydliste"
Browse[1]> install.packages("Hmisc")
Browse[1]> library(Hmisc)
Browse[1]> #prikaz   ### detailni vysledky

Data frame:studenti     5 observations and 3 variables    Maximum # NAs:0

         Levels Storage
vyska            double
pohlavi       2 integer
bydliste      4 integer

+--------+------------------------+
|Variable|Levels                  |
+--------+------------------------+
|pohlavi |muz,zena                |
+--------+------------------------+
|bydliste|Brno,Ostrava,Plzen,Praha|
+--------+------------------------+
Browse[1]> 
 
16. Vytvorte seznam "s" o trech slozkach: 
   textovy vektor "barva" se slozkami "cervena", "modra", "zelena", "zluta", 
   numericky vektor "pocet" delky 5 tvoreny nahodnymi celymi cisly 
   z intervalu [-3,7], 
   "pole" rozmeru 3x2x2 se vsemi hodnotami rovnymi 3. 
Called from: eval.with.vis(expr, envir, enclos)
Browse[1]> #prikaz
Browse[1]> s
$barva
[1] "cervena" "modra"   "zelena"  "zluta"  

$pocet
[1]  5  4  2  0 -2

$pole
, , 1

     [,1] [,2]
[1,]    3    3
[2,]    3    3
[3,]    3    3

, , 2

     [,1] [,2]
[1,]    3    3
[2,]    3    3
[3,]    3    3

Browse[1]> 
 
17. Zjistete pocty a nazvy slozek seznamu "s". 
Called from: eval.with.vis(expr, envir, enclos)
Browse[1]> #prikaz   ### pocet slozek
[1] 3
Browse[1]> #prikaz   ### nazvy slozek
[1] "barva" "pocet" "pole" 
Browse[1]> 
 
18. Z datove tabulky "studenti" zjistete vysku a bydliste Karoliny a Filipa. 
Called from: eval.with.vis(expr, envir, enclos)
Browse[1]> #prikaz
         vyska bydliste
Karolina   158     Brno
Filip      190    Plzen
Browse[1]> 
 
19. Ze seznamu "s" vypiste treti slozku. 
Called from: eval.with.vis(expr, envir, enclos)
Browse[1]> #prikaz
$pole
, , 1

     [,1] [,2]
[1,]    3    3
[2,]    3    3
[3,]    3    3

, , 2

     [,1] [,2]
[1,]    3    3
[2,]    3    3
[3,]    3    3


Browse[1]> 
 
20. K datove tabulce "studenti" pridejte dalsi sloupec "vzdelani" s hodnotami 
"SS", "VS", "VS", "VS", "SS". Vyzkousejte ruzne zpusoby. 
Called from: eval.with.vis(expr, envir, enclos)
Browse[1]> #prikaz
Browse[1]> studenti
         vyska pohlavi bydliste vzdelani
Petr       178     muz     Brno       SS
Tereza     173    zena    Praha       VS
Karolina   158    zena     Brno       VS
Filip      190     muz    Plzen       VS
Jiri       167     muz  Ostrava       SS
Browse[1]> 
 
21. Seradte datovou tabulku "studenti" podle pohlavi, prip. podle vysky. 
Called from: eval.with.vis(expr, envir, enclos)
Browse[1]> #prikaz
         vyska pohlavi bydliste vzdelani
Jiri       167     muz  Ostrava       SS
Petr       178     muz     Brno       SS
Filip      190     muz    Plzen       VS
Karolina   158    zena     Brno       VS
Tereza     173    zena    Praha       VS
Browse[1]> 
>